Imitwe igabanijwemo cyane cyane guhuza insanganyamatsiko hamwe nuhererekanya.Kubihuza insanganyamatsiko, uburyo bwingenzi bwo gutunganya ni: gukanda, guhuza, guhinduranya, kuzunguruka no kuzunguruka, nibindi.;kubitumanaho byohereza, uburyo nyamukuru bwo gutunganya ni: hafi-kurangiza guhinduka-gusya, gusya-kuzunguruka-kurangiza, nibindi.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ihame ry'insanganyamatsiko birashobora guhera mu 220 mbere ya Yesu, igihe intiti yo mu Bugereki Archimedes yaremye igikoresho cyo guterura amazi.Mu kinyejana cya 4 nyuma ya Yesu, ihame rya bolts n'imbuto byatangiye gukoreshwa ku mashini zikoreshwa mu gukora divayi mu bihugu bya Mediterane.Muri kiriya gihe, umugozi wo hanze wakomerekejwe n'umugozi uzengurutse umurongo wa silindrike, hanyuma ugashushanya ukurikije iki kimenyetso, mugihe urudodo rwimbere rwakorwaga no gukomeretsa umugozi wo hanze ukoresheje ibintu byoroshye.
Ahagana mu 1500, mu gishushanyo cy’igikoresho cyo gutunganya urudodo cyashushanijwe n’umutaliyani Leonardo da Vinci, igitekerezo cyo gukoresha umugozi w’umugore n’ibikoresho byo guhanahana amakuru mu gutunganya insinga zifite ibibuga bitandukanye.Kuva icyo gihe, uburyo bwo guca imashini mu buryo bwa mashini bwateye imbere mu nganda zo gukora amasaha yo mu Burayi.
Mu 1760, abavandimwe b'Abongereza J. Wyatt na W. Wyatt babonye ipatanti yo guca imigozi y'ibiti hakoreshejwe igikoresho kidasanzwe.Mu 1778, Umwongereza J. Ramsden yigeze gukora igikoresho cyo gukata umugozi gitwarwa ninzoka yinyo, ishobora gutunganya imigozi miremire kandi yuzuye.Mu 1797, Umwongereza H. Maudsley yakoresheje umugozi w’umugore no guhana ibikoresho kugira ngo ahindure imigozi y’ibyuma y’ibibuga bitandukanye kuri latine yatejwe imbere na we, maze ashyiraho uburyo bwibanze bwo guhindura imigozi.
Mu myaka ya 1820, Maudsley yakoze kanda ya mbere hanyuma apfa kubera umugozi.
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, iterambere ry’inganda z’imodoka ryarushijeho guteza imbere uburinganire bw’imigozi no guteza imbere uburyo butandukanye kandi bunoze bwo gutunganya imigozi.Gufungura imitwe itandukanye yimitwe ipfa hamwe na kanda yo kugabanuka byikora byavumbuwe umwe umwe, hanyuma gusya kumutwe byatangiye gukoreshwa.
Mu ntangiriro ya 1930, gusya insanganyamatsiko byagaragaye.
Nubwo ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzunguruka ryakozwe mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19, kubera ingorane zo gukora ibumba, iterambere ryatinze cyane kugeza mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose (1942-1945), bitewe no gukenera intwaro no guteza imbere urusyo. ikoranabuhanga Iterambere ryihuse ryagezweho nyuma yo gukemura ikibazo nyacyo cyo gukora ibicuruzwa.
Icyiciro cya mbere: gukata urudodo
Mubisanzwe bivuga uburyo bwo gutunganya imigozi kumurimo wakazi hamwe nibikoresho byo gukora cyangwa ibikoresho byangiza, cyane cyane nko guhinduranya, gusya, gukanda, gusya urudodo, gusya no gukata.Iyo uhinduye, gusya no gusya insanganyamatsiko, urunigi rwohereza ibikoresho byimashini rwemeza ko igikoresho cyo guhindura, gusya cyangwa gusya uruziga bigenda neza kandi bingana kimwe kiyobora ku murongo wibikorwa bya buri mpinduramatwara yakazi.Iyo ukanda cyangwa urudodo, igikoresho (kanda cyangwa upfe) hamwe nakazi kazunguruka ugereranije nundi, kandi igikoresho (cyangwa igihangano) kiyobowe nu rubingo rwashizweho mbere kugirango rwimuke.
01 Guhindura ingingo
Gufungura umusarani birashobora gukorwa hamwe nigikoresho cyo guhindura cyangwa ikimamara.Guhinduranya insanganyamatsiko hamwe nigikoresho cyo guhindura ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora igice kimwe nigice gito cyumusaruro wibikoresho byudodo bitewe nuburyo bworoshye bwibikoresho;guhinduranya insanganyamatsiko hamwe nigikoresho cyo guhuza igikoresho gifite umusaruro mwinshi, ariko imiterere yibikoresho iragoye kandi ikwiranye gusa nogukora ibicuruzwa bito n'ibiciriritse.Guhindura imigozi migufi yibikorwa hamwe nibibanza byiza.Ikibanza cyukuri cyumusarani usanzwe kugirango uhindure insinga za trapezoidal muri rusange zishobora kugera kumanota 8 kugeza kuri 9 (JB2886-81, kimwe hepfo);gutunganya imigozi kumisarani yihariye irashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro cyangwa ukuri.
02 Gusya
Gusya hamwe na disiki cyangwa gukata ibimamara ku ruganda.
Gukata disiki ikoreshwa cyane mugusya trapezoidal yinyuma yo hanze kumurimo wakazi nka screw ninyo.Urusyo rumeze nk'urusyo rukoreshwa mugusya imbere ninyuma zisanzwe hamwe nududodo.Kubera ko yasya hamwe nogusya ibyuma byinshi kandi uburebure bwigice cyacyo bukaba burenze uburebure bwurudodo rugomba gutunganywa, igihangano gikenera gusa kuzunguruka 1.25 kugeza kuri 1.5 kugirango gitungwe.Bikorewe hamwe n'umusaruro mwinshi.Ubusobanuro bwukuri bwo gusya urudodo bushobora kugera kumanota 8 kugeza kuri 9, naho uburinganire bwubuso ni R5 kugeza kuri 0,63.Ubu buryo burakwiriye kubyara umusaruro wibikoresho byudodo byibisobanuro rusange cyangwa kubisanzwe mbere yo gusya.
03Gusya
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutunganya insanganyamatsiko zuzuye zakazi gakomeye kumashini zisya.Ukurikije imiterere yibice byambukiranya uruziga, birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: uruziga rumwe rusya hamwe nuruziga rwinshi.Ikibanza cyukuri gishobora kugerwaho no gusya kumurongo umwe wo gusya uruziga ni amanota 5 kugeza kuri 6, naho uburinganire bwubuso ni R1.25 kugeza 0.08 microne, bikaba byoroshye gusya kwiziga.Ubu buryo burakwiriye gusya imigozi isobanutse, gupima urudodo, inyo, uduce duto twibikoresho byudodo hamwe nubutabazi bwo gusya neza.Imirongo myinshi yo gusya ibiziga gusya bigabanijwe muburyo bwo gusya burebure hamwe nuburyo bwo gusya.Muburyo bwo gusya burebure, ubugari bwuruziga rusya ni ruto kurenza uburebure bwurudodo rugomba kuba hasi, kandi uruziga rusya rugenda rurerure rimwe cyangwa inshuro nyinshi kugirango rusya urudodo kugeza mubunini bwa nyuma.Ubugari bwuruziga rwo gusya rwuburyo bwo gusya ni bunini kuruta uburebure bwurudodo kuba hasi.Uruziga rwo gusya rwaciwe hejuru yumurimo wakazi, kandi igihangano gishobora kuba hasi nyuma ya revolisiyo zigera kuri 1.25.Umusaruro ni mwinshi, ariko ubunyangamugayo buri hasi gato, kandi gusya kwiziga bizunguruka biragoye.Gusya kumashanyarazi birakwiriye gusya byoroheje byinini ya kanda no gusya insinga zimwe zo gufunga.
04 Gusya
Ibikoresho byo gusya cyangwa ubwoko bwa screw ibikoresho byo gusya bikozwe mubikoresho byoroshye nkibyuma bikozwe mucyuma, kandi igice cyurudodo rwatunganijwe kumurimo wakazi hamwe nikosa ryikibanza kizunguruka kandi kigana hasi imbere no guhindukira kugirango tunonosore neza neza ikibuga .Urudodo rwimbere rukomeye nubutaka kugirango rukureho deformasiyo kandi tunoze neza.
05 Kanda no kumutwe
Kanda: Nugusunika igikanda mumwobo wabanje gutoborwa kumurimo wakazi hamwe numuriro runaka kugirango utunganyirize urudodo rwimbere.
Urudodo: Nugukata urudodo rwo hanze kumurongo (cyangwa umuyoboro) urupapuro rwakazi.Gukora neza neza gukanda cyangwa kumutwe biterwa nukuri kanda cyangwa gupfa.
Nubwo hariho inzira nyinshi zo gutunganya imigozi yimbere ninyuma, insanganyamatsiko ntoya ya diameter imbere irashobora gutunganywa gusa na kanda.Gukubita no gutobora birashobora gukorwa n'intoki, kimwe n'umusarani, imashini zicukura, imashini zikanda hamwe n'imashini zidoda.
Icyiciro cya kabiri: kuzunguruka
Uburyo bwo gutunganya uburyo bwo guhindura plastike kumurimo hamwe no kuzunguruka bipfa kubona urudodo.Kuzunguruka umugozi mubusanzwe bikorwa kumashini izunguruka cyangwa umusarani wikora hamwe no gufungura no gufunga umugozi uzunguruka.Utudodo two hanze kugirango tubyare umusaruro mwinshi wiziritse hamwe nizindi zifatanije.Diameter yinyuma yumudozi uzungurutswe mubusanzwe ntabwo irenga mm 25, uburebure ntiburenza mm 100, uburebure bwurudodo burashobora kugera kurwego rwa 2 (GB197-63), kandi diametero yubusa yakoreshejwe ihwanye nikibuga diameter yumurongo watunganijwe.Kuzunguruka muri rusange ntibishobora gutunganya urudodo rwimbere, ariko kubikorwa byakazi hamwe nibikoresho byoroheje, igikonjo cyo gukuramo gishobora gukoreshwa kumutwe wimbere ukonje (diameter ntarengwa ishobora kugera kuri mm 30).Ihame ry'akazi risa n'iryo gukanda.Umuyoboro ukenewe mugukuramo ubukonje bwimitwe yimbere irikubye inshuro 1 kurenza gukanda, kandi uburinganire bwimashini hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso buri hejuru gato ugereranije no gukanda.
Ibyiza byo kuzunguruka:StrengthImbaraga nubukomere byubuso bwinyuma nyuma yo kuzunguruka birashobora kunozwa kubera akazi gakonje gakomeye;Rate Igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kiri hejuru;ProductivityUmusaruro wikubye kabiri ugereranije no gukata, kandi biroroshye kumenya automatike;Ubuzima bwo kuzunguruka bupfa ni burebure.Ariko, umugozi uzunguruka bisaba ko ubukana bwibikoresho byakazi bitarenga HRC40;ibipimo bifatika byukuri ni hejuru;ubwitonzi nubukomezi byurupfu bipfa nabyo biri hejuru, kandi biragoye gukora ipfa;ntibikwiye kuzunguruka insinga zifite amenyo asimetrike.
Ukurikije ibizunguruka bitandukanye bipfa, kuzunguruka birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: kuzunguruka umugozi no kuzunguruka.
06 Kuzunguruka
Amasahani abiri azunguruka afite amenyo yinyo atondekanye ahateganye hagati yacyo hamwe na 1/2, isahani ihagaze irashizweho, kandi isahani yimuka igenda mumurongo ugaruka ugereranya nicyapa gihagaze.Iyo igihangano cyoherejwe hagati yamasahani abiri, isahani yimuka igenda imbere hanyuma igasiga igihangano kugirango ihindure plastike hejuru kugirango ikore urudodo.
07 Kuzunguruka
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwurudodo rwa radiyo ruzunguruka, urudodo rudasanzwe ruzunguruka no kuzunguruka umutwe uzunguruka.
Urudodo rudasanzwe ruzunguruka: 2 (cyangwa 3) uruziga ruzunguruka hamwe nu mwirondoro w’urudodo rushyirwa ku rufunzo ruringaniye, igihangano cyashyizwe ku nkunga iri hagati y’ibiziga byombi, kandi ibiziga byombi bizunguruka ku muvuduko umwe mu cyerekezo kimwe.Uruziga rukora kandi ibyokurya bya radiyo.Igicapo kizunguruka nu ruziga ruzunguruka, kandi ubuso burasohoka muburyo bwo gukora insinga.Kuri sisitemu zimwe ziyobora zidasaba ibisobanuro bihanitse, uburyo busa nabwo burashobora gukoreshwa mugukora umuzingo.
ThreadIbikoresho bifatika bizunguruka: Bizwi kandi nk'umugozi uzunguruka, igikoresho cyo kuzunguruka kigizwe no kuzunguruka hagati yo kuzunguruka hagati hamwe na plaque eshatu zifatika zifatika.Mugihe cyo kuzunguruka urudodo, igihangano gishobora kugaburirwa ubudahwema, bityo umusaruro urenze uw'urudodo ruzunguruka hamwe nu murongo wa radiyo.
Umutwe uzunguruka umutwe: Bikorerwa kuri lathe yikora kandi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugutunganya insinga ngufi kumurimo.Hano hari imirongo 3 kugeza kuri 4 izunguruka iringaniye iringaniye kuruhande rwinyuma rwibikorwa byumutwe.Mugihe cyo kuzunguza urudodo, urupapuro rwakazi ruzunguruka kandi umutwe uzunguruka ugaburira mu buryo bwuzuye kugirango uzenguruke igihangano kiva mumutwe.
08 Urudodo rwa EDM
Gutunganya insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe zikoresha ibikoresho byo gutunganya cyangwa gukanda ibikoresho nibikoresho, kandi rimwe na rimwe gukanda intoki nabyo birashoboka.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mubihe bimwe bidasanzwe, uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru ntabwo bworoshye kubona ibisubizo byiza byo gutunganya, nko gukenera imashini zimashini nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwibice kubera uburangare, cyangwa kubera imbogamizi zifatika, nko gukenera gukanda kuri karbide. Ibikorwa.Muri iki gihe, birakenewe gusuzuma uburyo bwo gutunganya EDM.
Ugereranije nuburyo bwo gutunganya, inzira ya EDM iri murwego rumwe, kandi umwobo wo hasi ugomba kubanza gucukurwa, kandi diameter yumwobo wo hasi igomba kugenwa ukurikije uko akazi gakorwa.Electrode igomba gukorerwa muburyo bwurudodo, kandi electrode igomba kuba ishobora kuzunguruka mugihe cyo gutunganya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-06-2022